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A Hot Car Can Turn Deadly in Minutes

admin — Thu, 18 Jun 2026 04:47:42 +0000

Every summer, the same warning circulates: Never leave a child alone in a car. Still, the heatstroke deaths of children and pets left in hot cars happen every year — often to attentive, loving caregivers who never imagined it could happen to them.

A parked car heats up quickly, even on a mild day. According to the CDC, the temperature inside a vehicle can climb nearly 20 degrees Fahrenheit in just 10 minutes. Cracking a window doesn’t make it safe. For a child, those conditions can turn dangerous — fast.

Real Risks

The numbers are hard to ignore. NoHeatStroke.org reports more than 1,000 pediatric vehicular heatstroke deaths since 1998, averaging about 37 each year. There were 33 deaths in 2025 and several already reported in 2026. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) also ranks heatstroke among the leading causes of non-crash, vehicle-related deaths for children.

Young kids are especially at risk because their bodies heat up more quickly than adults’. They may not be able to get out, call for help, or even understand what’s happening. What feels like a quick stop can become life-threatening in minutes.

How Tragedies Happen

Most cases fall into a few patterns. Sometimes a caregiver forgets a child in the back seat, often during a change in routine or a stressful day. In other cases, a child climbs into an unlocked vehicle and becomes trapped. And sometimes, a child is knowingly left behind for a short errand, with the danger underestimated.

Built-In Reminders

Rear occupant alert systems can add an extra layer of protection. Now common in most new vehicles, these systems remind drivers to check the back seat before exiting — either with a dashboard prompt or, in more advanced versions, sensors that detect movement and trigger alerts. Automakers have expanded the feature in response to rising hot-car deaths, and while it’s not foolproof, it can help interrupt the moment of distraction that leads to many tragedies. Safety experts recommend leaving the system turned on and treating it as a consistent reminder to look before you lock.

Simple Habits That Help

The good news is that these deaths are preventable. A few small habits can make a big difference:

Always check the back seat before locking up — even if you’re sure it’s empty.
Put something essential that you need (phone, wallet, work badge, or even a shoe) in the back seat.
Use a visual reminder, like moving a stuffed animal to the front when your child is in the back seat.
Ask childcare providers to call if your child doesn’t arrive as expected.
Keep your car locked and keys out of reach so kids can’t get in on their own.

Graphic by Tawana Campbell

If You See a Child Alone

If you spot a child alone in a car, call 911 right away and stay nearby. If the child looks distressed or unresponsive, follow the dispatcher’s instructions.

Before you walk away from your car, take one more look. It only takes a few seconds — and it could save a life.

Visit Kelley Blue Book’s Safety Hub page to learn more about vehicle safety features.

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Car Lemon Laws: What To Know by State

admin — Tue, 16 Jun 2026 16:45:21 +0000

Alabama The lemon law in Alabama applies to new vehicles, but not motorhomes or vehicles over 10,000 pounds. If your car encounters a problem that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within the first year or 12,000 miles, it’s possible you may be eligible to get a refund or replacement. Repairs must take place within 24 months of delivery of the vehicle or 24,000 miles. Alaska Alaska’s lemon law applies to new vehicles. If your car encounters a problem that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within the first year of ownership, you may be entitled to a refund or replacement. Arizona The Arizona lemon law for used vehicles says, “If a major component of your car breaks before the earlier of 15 days or 500 miles after you buy the car,” you will be covered. You’ll be responsible for up to $25 for the first two repairs, but you may be able to recover the purchase amount for the car. Arkansas If your new vehicle has a problem in Arkansas that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe, the manufacturer must repair it within 24 months of delivery or 24,000 miles.
If the manufacturer can’t or won’t fix the problem, the consumer has several options. These include replacing it with another acceptable car or getting the original car back and receiving a refunded for everything plus taxes, title, and extended warranty, if applicable. California California’s lemon law applies primarily to new vehicles, leased vehicles, and certain used vehicles covered by a manufacturer’s warranty under the state’s Song-Beverly Consumer Warranty Act.
A vehicle may qualify as a lemon if a substantial defect affecting the vehicle’s use, value, or safety cannot be repaired after a reasonable number of attempts while under warranty. Colorado The lemon law in Colorado applies to new and leased vehicles and lasts one year from the original delivery date or within a year of the warranty’s start date, whichever comes first. Colorado law excludes motor homes and motorcycles. Connecticut In Connecticut, if your new or leased car has a problem that makes it unsafe, hard to use, or decreases its value, the car company will provide a replacement or refund the full contract price within 2 years of delivery or 24,000 miles, whichever comes first. The law applies to new and leased passenger and combination vehicles and motorcycles. Delaware The lemon law in Delaware applies to new and leased vehicles, but not motor homes. It lasts for one year after delivery to the consumer, whichever comes first. If the car needs to be replaced, the Delaware consumer has two options. Options include replacement with a comparable and acceptable new automobile or repurchase and refund of the full purchase price, including credits and allowances for any trade-in vehicle. District of Columbia The lemon law in the District of Columbia applies to new and leased vehicles, but not used cars. It covers vehicle problems that arise within 18,000 miles or 2 years, whichever comes first after the date of delivery and that substantially impair its use, value, or safety. Florida The lemon law in Florida applies to new and leased vehicles. You may qualify for a refund or replacement vehicle if your car has a problem within 2 years that substantially impairs its use or compromises safety and the dealer can’t repair the defect after a reasonable number of attempts. Georgia The lemon law in Georgia applies to new and leased vehicles. It covers your car if there’s a problem that makes it hard to use within 2 years or 24,000 miles and impacts its usability, value, or safety. If the dealer remains unable to repair the issue after a reasonable number of attempts, you may request a refund or replacement. Hawaii The lemon law in Hawaii applies to new and leased vehicles. You could get a refund or a replacement if your car experiences an issue that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within the first 2 years or 24,000 miles and the dealer can’t resolve the problem after multiple repair attempts. Idaho The lemon law in Idaho applies to new and leased cars, trucks, or vans experiencing issues within 2 years or 24,000 miles. If your car becomes ineffective, significantly decreases in value, or has a persistent issue that makes it unsafe, the dealer must repair the defect after a reasonable number of attempts. Illinois The lemon law in Illinois applies to new and leased vehicles, except any that are modified. If your car has an issue that compromises your safety or makes it difficult to use within one year or 12,000 miles, the dealer must repair the defect. If the dealer is unable to resolve the problem, you may pursue a replacement or refund. Indiana The lemon law in Indiana applies to new and leased vehicles. The statute covers your car for 18 months or 18,000 miles. Iowa Iowa’s lemon law applies to new and leased vehicles within 2 years or 24,000 miles after purchase and to vehicles that weigh less than 15,000 pounds. To open a dispute, the consumer must file a complaint through Iowa’s certified informal dispute resolution process. Kansas The lemon law in Kansas applies to new and leased vehicles. You must inform the manufacturer of the need for repair within a year. If a vehicle needs repairs multiple times and the defect continues to exist, the manufacturer must either repair it or buy it back. Kentucky The lemon law in Kentucky applies to new and leased vehicles under 12,000 pounds. If your car has a problem that occurs four or more times in the first 12 months or 12,000 miles, the manufacturer must attempt to fix it multiple times.
If the dealer does not correct the issue, the dealer must replace or repurchase the vehicle. Louisiana The lemon law in Louisiana applies to new and leased vehicles. The dealer must repair the defect in a reasonable number of attempts or within one year after purchase, whichever comes earlier.
If the vehicle cannot be repaired and remains out of service for at least 45 days, the dealer must offer a comparable replacement. You could also request a refund for the full purchase price. Maine The lemon law in Maine applies to new and leased vehicles. It covers serious defects within 3 years or 18,000 miles, whichever happens first.
If a car gets designated as a lemon, you can argue your case before an arbitrator for free. Maryland The lemon law in Maryland applies to new and leased vehicles within 2 years or 18,000 miles.
If your car has a problem that significantly impairs operation or causes it to be unusable for at least 30 days, you may pursue a replacement vehicle or a full refund. Massachusetts The lemon law in Massachusetts applies to new and leased cars. It also applies to used vehicles with fewer than 125,000 miles on the odometer on the date of purchase. You are entitled to a refund or replacement if there’s a substantial defect that inhibits your ability to drive the vehicle or negatively impacts your safety. Michigan The lemon law in Michigan covers new and leased vehicles. This applies if your car has a condition that impairs its use within a year of delivery or during the term of the manufacturer’s warranty, whichever happens first. Minnesota The lemon law in Minnesota applies to new, leased, and lightly used vehicles. The issue must be reported within 2 years or before the warranty period ends, whichever comes first.
If the manufacturer or dealer is unable to repair the defect within a reasonable number of attempts, the consumer may seek a replacement vehicle or a refund of the car’s purchase price, less a deduction for use of the vehicle. Mississippi The lemon law in Mississippi applies to new and leased vehicles within a year of delivery or the duration of the manufacturer warranty, whichever comes first. If your car experiences a problem that makes it difficult to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe, repairs must be completed within the first year of delivery or before the manufacturer’s warranty expires. Missouri The lemon law in Missouri applies to new and leased vehicles. This covers your car for one year or through the term of the manufacturer’s warranty, whichever comes first.
If the car cannot be repaired in four attempts, if it’s out of service for at least 30 days, or if it has a problem that hinders use, the consumer must open a dispute through the manufacturer’s resolution program. Montana The lemon law in Montana applies to new and leased vehicles. This covers your car if it has a problem that makes it hard to use, negatively affects its value, or poses a safety concern within 2 years or 18,000 miles of delivery. Nebraska The lemon law in Nebraska applies to new and leased vehicles. A vehicle can be declared a lemon if it needs a repair four or more times within a year of delivery, or if the car is deemed unusable for a cumulative total of at least 40 days. Nevada The lemon law in Nevada applies to new and used vehicles, but not leased vehicles. Persistent issues that occur before the expiration of any manufacturer’s warranties or one year after delivery are eligible for a refund or replacement. New Hampshire The lemon law in New Hampshire applies to new and leased vehicles still under warranty. If your car is declared defective after at least three repair attempts or is out of service for at least 30 days, you have a right to arbitration. New Jersey The New Jersey lemon law applies to new and leased vehicles during the first 2 years or 24,000 miles.
The law may also apply to used cars in the same time frame if the vehicle is a maximum of 7 years old (in model years) with less than 100,000 miles on the odometer, and cost at least $3,000. New Mexico The lemon law in New Mexico applies to new vehicles or vehicles transferred to a used buyer while still under warranty. It does not cover leased vehicles. It covers your car if a persistent issue impairs use or substantially lowers the market value within one year after delivery or during the manufacturer warranty term, whichever comes first. New York The New York lemon law applies to new and leased vehicles or those transferred within 18,000 miles or 2 years of delivery. For used cars, a written warranty is required at the time of purchase. Consumers are entitled to reimbursement for the cost of repairing a covered failure. North Carolina The lemon law in North Carolina covers new and leased vehicles within 2 years or 24,000 miles. Consumers must notify the manufacturer in writing if there is a defect, and the problem must be resolved within a reasonable period. North Dakota The lemon law in North Dakota applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car has a problem that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within 12,000 miles or one year of delivery and the dealer is unable to repair the defect after a reasonable number of attempts, you may petition for a refund or replacement. Ohio The lemon law in Ohio applies to new and leased vehicles within one year or 18,000 miles of delivery. If you have problems during this protection period, the manufacturer must have a “reasonable opportunity” to perform the repair. Consumers are eligible for a refund or replacement if the issue cannot be fixed. Oklahoma The lemon law in Oklahoma applies to new and leased vehicles within 12,000 miles or one year of delivery. Before the lemon law applies, the consumer must pursue a resolution directly with the manufacturer. Oregon The lemon law in Oregon applies to new and leased vehicles. Coverage extends for 2 years or 24,000 miles after delivery. Pennsylvania The lemon law in Pennsylvania applies to new and leased vehicles within one year or 12,000 miles. Manufacturers are allowed three repair attempts to resolve the problem. You may petition for a refund if your car is out of service for a cumulative total of 30 days with a persistent issue. Rhode Island The lemon law in Rhode Island applies to new and leased vehicles within one year or 15,000 miles. Consumers must file a formal complaint with the Motor Vehicle Arbitration Board to dispute an issue with the manufacturer. South Carolina The lemon law in South Carolina applies to new and leased vehicles under manufacturer warranty within one year or 12,000 miles. The manufacturer must offer a refund or replacement if it is unable to resolve the problem after a reasonable number of attempts. South Dakota The lemon law in South Dakota applies to new and leased vehicles. The state’s law protects consumers if their vehicle encounters a single problem or a series of problems that arise within one year or 12,000 miles of delivery. The manufacturer has four attempts or 30 cumulative calendar days to repair the issue. Tennessee The lemon law in Tennessee applies to new and leased vehicles and any other person entitled to the warranty. If your car has a problem that substantially impairs its use within one year, the manufacturer must offer a refund or replacement. Texas The lemon law in Texas applies to new and leased vehicles within 2 years or 24,000 miles. It may cover a used vehicle if it’s still eligible under warranty. If you have persistent issues getting your new car to run as expected, the law states that you may be are entitled to a repair, replacement, or refund. Utah Utah’s law covering lemons applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car has a substantial defect within 2 years, the manufacturer must complete the repair within a reasonable number of attempts. Vermont The lemon law in Vermont applies to new and leased vehicles. For new vehicles, a formal demand for arbitration must be filed within one year after the manufacturer warranty expires by time or mileage. For leased vehicles, drivers may elect replacement vehicles or obtain a lease refund if possible.
Vermont’s lemon law applies to used vehicles if the first repair occurred within the manufacturer’s warranty and if it meets other eligibility requirements. Virginia The lemon law in Virginia applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car experiences a persistent problem that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within the manufacturer’s warranty period or 18 months of delivery, the manufacturer must offer a refund or replacement. Washington The lemon law in Washington applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car experiences a serious defect or a problem that makes it unreliable or unsafe within 2 years or 24,000 miles of delivery, you may send a written request asking for a replacement vehicle. West Virginia The lemon law in West Virginia applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car experiences a defect that makes it hard to use, decreases its value, or makes it unsafe within the term of express manufacturer’s warranties or one year of delivery, the manufacturer has a duty to repair it. The manufacturer must replace the vehicle if the issue is not fixed after a reasonable number of repair attempts. Wisconsin The lemon law in Wisconsin applies to new and leased vehicles. If your car experiences issues that make it hard to use, decrease its value, or make it unsafe within the term of the warranty or one year of delivery, you may request a replacement vehicle. You may also be aable to recover applicable collateral costs ask for a full refund. Wyoming Wyoming’s statute protecting consumers applies to new and leased vehicles under warranty. If your car spent 30 days in the repair shop within one year, or if you attempted three unsuccessful repairs, the manufacturer must replace the vehicle or offer a refund.

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How to Read IIHS Safety Rankings for Family-Friendly Cars

admin — Mon, 15 Jun 2026 04:44:25 +0000

My daughters have both outgrown car seats, but I’d installed and uninstalled our seats in more than 300 vehicles before they graduated to boosters and, eventually, the front seat. Unless you’re an automotive journalist, you likely won’t have the unique pleasure of switching car seats to a new vehicle every week, but the experience taught me the importance of an easy-to-use LATCH anchor system.

Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH) systems include two metal anchors in the rear seats. The two lower anchors are almost always located in the crease between the seat back and lower cushion, but some automakers have found creative ways to make them more noticeable and accessible. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) includes LATCH ease-of-use scores in many vehicles’ overall safety rankings. Let’s look at how they can help you choose a car with easier car seat installation.

IIHS LATCH Scores

First, it’s important to break down what the car seat ratings actually mean. They aren’t a measure of a vehicle’s LATCH system safety. Instead, the IIHS rates vehicles’ car seat anchors for their ease of use, assessing factors such as how deeply they are located under the seat cushion and how easy they are to confuse with other seat hardware. For each seat with an anchor point, the IIHS assigns a rating of Poor, Marginal, Acceptable, or Good. Those scores are then tallied to create the vehicle’s overall rating.

When viewed in combination with other interior specifications, such as second-row legroom and hip room, these ratings can give you a good idea of the difficulty involved with installing car seats.

LATCH vs. Seat Belts

LATCH anchors became federally mandated in the United States in the early 2000s, though many automakers had already been installing them voluntarily. While there were other solutions available prior to then, including ISOFIX in Europe, seat belts were the primary method for securing car seats. While you can still use seat belts to anchor car seats today, LATCH anchors are generally considered easier to use. Here are some differences between LATCH and seat belts for anchoring car seats.

LATCH vs. Seat Belt: Car Seat Installation Infographic

Quick answer: install with one method at a time. For most families, that means lower anchors (LATCH) or the vehicle seat belt, not both together.

Can You Use Both Together?

Usually, no. Car seats are generally designed and crash-tested with one installation method at a time. Use lower anchors or a locked seat belt to secure the seat.

Is One Method Safer?

Not by default. When installed correctly, LATCH and seat belt installations are both secure. Choose the method that gives you the tightest, most correct fit in that seating position.

Child and Seat Weight

Lower anchors have limits. When your child plus car seat reaches the allowed threshold, switch to seat belt installation.

Ease in Your Vehicle

Whichever method lets you get a firm install in your specific vehicle wins, especially with tight back-seat layouts.

Anchor Availability

Not every seating position has lower anchors. Seat belts work in more positions and in older vehicles.

LATCH Weight Limit Snapshot

A common rule is a 65-lb combined cap for child plus car seat when using lower anchors. The exact limit depends on your seat and vehicle manuals.

Maximum child weight for lower anchors = 65 lb – car seat weight

Fast Safety Checklist

Install with one method: LATCH or seat belt.
Use the top tether for forward-facing seats when allowed.
If using seat belt, lock it according to your vehicle instructions.
At the belt path, the seat should move less than 1 inch side-to-side or front-to-back.

Read about how rear-seat dimensions affect car seat fit. Visit our Safety hub page for curated articles and insights to help you drive with confidence.

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Preparing Your Car for a Hurricane: An Emergency Checklist

admin — Fri, 12 Jun 2026 04:42:36 +0000

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration‘s (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center expects a below-normal hurricane season for the Atlantic basin in 2026. NOAA is forecasting eight to 14 named storms during the season, which runs from June 1 through November 30. Of those named storms, three to six are forecast to become hurricanes, with winds of 74 mph or higher. The agency is forecasting that one to three will be “major hurricanes,” with winds of 111 mph or higher. Refer to the National Hurricane Center for real-time updates and the latest information about tropical storm and hurricane activity.

Hurricanes and tropical storms can cause extensive damage to homes, businesses, and vehicles, so it’s important to be prepared, especially if you live near the coast. While protecting your home is always a top priority, you can also safeguard your vehicle to avoid costly damage.

TIP: Download our Hurricane Season Checklist PDF to keep on hand and share with others.

Hurricane Season Car Maintenance

Graphic: Regina Yu

It’s essential to stay current on auto maintenance in case of an evacuation. Have a professional inspection and perform scheduled maintenance before hurricane season begins. Kelley Blue Book’s Service Advisor tool can help you review and address common problems with your vehicle if you’re not sure where to start. All you need is your vehicle identification number (VIN).

60 Days Before Season

Schedule Major Service: Address any needed tune-up, scheduled maintenance, or lingering issues that could prevent you from following evacuation orders.
Overheating Concerns: Engine overheating is more common when cars idle in evacuation bottlenecks. Ensure your car’s cooling system is working properly and inspected, including the radiator, fan belt, thermostat, water pump, and coolant levels. Schedule air conditioning repair or make the repair yourself, if you’re qualified.
Oil Change: Be mindful of when your next oil change is needed. Consider getting the service early if it’s close to being due.
Recalls: Check for vehicle recalls before hurricane season and address critical concerns and safety issues as soon as possible.

2 to 4 Weeks Before Season

Battery: Use a multimeter to test your car’s battery. Or, take it to your local auto shop for a battery health assessment. A strong battery is essential when it’s time to pack up and go without needing a jump-start. Consider purchasing a portable jump-starting device.
Tires: Check tire condition. Rotate or replace tires now, before a storm comes. Consider a fresh alignment to help with even wear, and check the TPMS. Your vehicle is useless for evacuation or recovery efforts if damaged tires prevent you from driving. Consider buying a battery-powered portable air compressor to ensure your tires are properly inflated. Well-inflated tires are more stable in tricky road conditions.
Spare Tire: Resist the temptation to remove your spare tire for extra trunk storage. With unpredictable road conditions after a severe storm, you’re more likely to drive over rough debris. Having a spare tire and less storage space is better than being stranded.
Air Conditioning System: Hurricanes bring strong winds and heavy rain, and the heat and humidity often remain after the storm passes. Ensure your car’s air conditioning system works so longer drives are comfortable.
Wipers: Clear visibility is crucial for safe driving in heavy rain. Minimize smears, streaks, and blurry spots on your windshield with a new set of wiper blades.

72 Hours Before the Storm

Fuel: Fill your gas tank or charge your EV. Keep it full in case you need to make an emergency evacuation.
Pictures: For insurance purposes, photograph the vehicle from multiple sides to show its condition before the storm.

24 Hours Before the Storm

Park: Move your vehicle to high ground or inside a garage to avoid flood damage. Place the car on lifts, if available.
Disconnect: Unplug your EV charging cable.
Secure: Place sandbags around the garage threshold to prevent water from leaking in.

Car Storage During the Storm

Graphic: Regina Yu

Garage Storage

If you have a garage, the best way to protect your car is to park inside and fully close the door. Once your vehicle is safely parked inside, here are some other tips:

Cover the windows. If your garage has exterior windows or secondary doors that lead outside, board them up the same way you’d cover the windows in your home.
Cover your car. Use a padded car cover as an exterior protection layer. Alternatively, you can place thick blankets or rugs on the vehicle to protect it from flying debris.
Pull further inside. Put some distance between the garage door and the back of the vehicle to prevent the door from hitting the car if violent winds or debris push it inward.
Secure loose items. Tie down or barricade loose items inside the garage so they don’t get knocked around or crash into the car during the storm.

Outdoor Storage

If you don’t have a garage or can’t park your car in a covered area, there are still ways to prepare:

Strategic parking. Park your car on the highest ground you can find. If no elevated areas are nearby, position the car along the side of a sturdy structure to help shield the vehicle from wind and projectiles.
Cover your car. Use a heavy-duty car cover larger than the vehicle to protect it from the elements. Put seat cushions or similar items inside the car cover to further buffer the exterior.
Secure loose objects. Bring items like inflatables, rafts, lawn furniture, bird feeders, garden decor, and other loose objects inside your home so they won’t fly near your car when the wind kicks up.

Electric Vehicle Specific Considerations

Charge: Ensure your battery is fully charged, just as non-EV owners need to refuel, before the rains roll in. If your area loses power, it may be a while before you can recharge again.
Disconnect: Once your EV is fully charged, do not leave the charging cable plugged in because of the risk of a power surge or lightning strike.

Bidirectional charging is a feature available in many EV models. If a storm knocks out power and your EV has vehicle-to-load (V2L) or vehicle-to-home capability (V2H), you may be able to use your EV as a power source while crews work to restore power.

In Case of Evacuation

If you find yourself needing to evacuate the region before a hurricane, here are a few additional things you may want to keep in mind.

Car Emergency Kit Checklist for Hurricanes

Graphic: Regina Yu

Every car owner needs a well-stocked emergency kit. Here are some items to consider when prepping for a hurricane.

Basic tool kit

Blankets

Breaker bar

Cleaning wipes

Disinfectant spray

Duct tape

Emergency cash

Fire extinguisher

First aid kit

Flashlight

Flat tire emergency repair kit

Funnel

Hand sanitizer

Heavy-duty gloves

Medications and supplements

Microfiber cloths

Non-perishable food and snacks

Paper maps

Phone charger

Portable power bank

Rain poncho

Resealable plastic bags

Skin salve

Sleeping bag

Toilet paper and personal hygiene items

Vehicle registration and insurance information

Water

Whistle

Plan Ahead and Drive Carefully

An accident will stop your progress, as well as everyone else behind you, so drive defensively and don’t panic. When driving during a hurricane evacuation, do your best to conserve fuel and use your vehicle’s resources efficiently. Here are some things you can do to get the most out of your car:

Evacuate early. The longer you wait, the more likely you’ll be caught in traffic.
Choose the best car. If you have multiple vehicles, evacuate using the most reliable one.
Share the load and take breaks. If you’ve got a long drive ahead, take turns with a partner or family member. This will give you time to rest as a passenger and reach your destination sooner. If you’re driving alone, take breaks when you’re out of the danger zone. Continue your journey when you’re ready.
Make a plan. Plan your stops ahead of time, especially if you’re an electric car driver. Note charging stations along the route and use them when possible.
Pay attention to your fuel economy. Stay mindful of your driving range as you head to your destination.
Use the air conditioner when you’re driving. Staying comfortable can help you remain calm during a stressful evacuation.

Editor’s Note: We have updated this article since its initial publication.

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Is It Safe to Drive a Car Damaged in a Flood?

admin — Wed, 10 Jun 2026 16:38:12 +0000

Usually, no. You should not start or drive a flood-damaged car until it has been inspected. Floodwater can damage the engine, brakes, electronics, airbags, seatbelts, and other safety systems, even if the car looks normal once it dries.

If the vehicle is an EV, hybrid, or plug-in hybrid, do not charge it or park it indoors until a professional checks it. Floodwater, especially brackish or saltwater, can damage high-voltage battery systems and create a fire risk.

Can I Drive a Flooded Car?

A flooded car is not safe to drive until you know how much damage it has. Even shallow water can contaminate fluids, corrode brakes, damage wiring, and cause electrical problems that appear later.

Do not drive the car if:

The water reached the floorboards, seats, dashboard, engine bay, or battery pack.
The engine stalled in water.
Warning lights are on.
The brakes feel soft, noisy, or weak.
The car smells musty or has standing water inside.
The vehicle is an EV, hybrid, or plug-in hybrid that was exposed to floodwater.

Flooded Car Evaluation Steps

Flood exposure can cause hidden damage, so a certified mechanic or repair shop should usually inspect the vehicle before any restart attempt.

Check the engine oil first

Pull the dipstick and inspect the oil. A milky or cloudy appearance can indicate water contamination inside the engine.

Remove the spark plugs

Take the plugs out before trying to spin the engine. This gives trapped water a path out of the cylinders.

Replace oil and the oil filter

Drain the old oil and install a fresh filter so you are not circulating contaminated lubricant through the engine.

Drain the fuel tank if needed

If water may have entered the tank, empty it before moving any farther. Do not risk sending water into the fuel system.

Crank the engine with the plugs out

Turn the engine over briefly with the spark plugs removed so any water inside the cylinders can be forced out.

Confirm the tank is clear before cranking

Make sure the fuel supply is free of water first. Otherwise, the engine can pull contaminated fuel deeper into the system.

Lubricate the cylinders if water comes out

If the cranking step expels water, spray a light aerosolized oil into the cylinders before repeating the process.

Reinstall the spark plugs and try to start

Once the cylinders appear clear, put the plugs back in and attempt to start the engine.

Let it idle briefly, then shut it down

If the engine starts, allow it to run for a few minutes. Then turn it off and prepare for another inspection.

Inspect the oil again

Check the dipstick a second time. If the oil still looks cloudy, replace both the oil and filter again.

Important Note

Floodwater can damage electronics long after the engine clears

If fuse boxes, control units, or electronic modules were submerged or soaked, they may still require replacement even after the mechanical restart steps are complete.

Why Flooded Cars Can Be Dangerous

Flood damage is often hidden. A car may start and drive after the water recedes, but that does not mean it is safe.

Floodwater can:
Damage the brakes.
Contaminate engine, transmission, brake, or differential fluids.
Corrode wiring and electrical connectors.
Affect airbags, seatbelts, and other safety systems.
Cause mold inside carpets, seats, and HVAC vents.
Leave behind salt, sewage, mud, or chemicals.
Trigger electrical problems days or weeks later.

Salt water is especially harmful because it accelerates corrosion. A vehicle that seems fine immediately after a saltwater flood may develop serious braking, electrical, or sensor problems later.

Never Drive Through Floodwater

If the road is flooded, turn around. Do not try to cross it.

Floodwater can hide washed-out pavement, deep holes, debris, open manholes, and stalled vehicles. It can also enter the engine air intake and stall the car. Four-wheel drive, large tires, and high ground clearance do not make a vehicle safe in moving water.

Can a Flooded Car Be Repaired?

Repair is possible in some cases, but long-term reliability and economics determine whether it is truly worth doing.

When Repair May Be Possible

A repair path may exist, but it should pass both safety and value checks:

Water exposure stayed mostly at carpet level and below key systems.
No evidence of engine water ingestion or internal mechanical damage.
No damage found to the high-voltage battery or related hardware.
No major electronics or restraint/safety-system failures detected.
Professional drying, cleaning, fluid service, and diagnostics are completed.
Repair can still be a poor value, and latent corrosion or electrical faults may appear months later.

!
A vehicle is more likely to be totaled if:

Water reached the dashboard.
The engine ingested water.
Major electronics were submerged.
The airbags, seatbelts, or restraint systems were affected.
The car sat in salt water.
Repair costs approach or exceed the vehicle’s value.

Flooded EV, Hybrid, and Plug-In Hybrid Safety

EVs, hybrids, and plug-in hybrids need extra caution after flooding.

Do not charge, drive, or store a flood-exposed EV indoors until it has been inspected. If the vehicle can be moved safely, park it outside and away from buildings, other vehicles, and combustible materials. Some automakers and emergency officials advise keeping submerged EVs at least 50 feet from structures or combustibles until they are inspected, especially after saltwater exposure.

Follow the owner’s manual, manufacturer instructions, and local emergency guidance.

What Insurance Covers Flood Damage?

Comprehensive coverage is a part of an auto insurance policy that typically covers flood damage. It also covers many other events outside your control, such as theft, vandalism, falling objects, and severe weather.

Collision and liability coverage generally do not pay for flood damage to your own vehicle.

You usually need comprehensive coverage before the storm is in the forecast. Insurers may place binding restrictions on new coverage when a major storm is approaching.

Editor’s Note: We have updated this article since its initial publication. Chris Teague contributed to the report.

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Flooded Car? FAQs for Affected Owners and Shoppers

admin — Tue, 09 Jun 2026 04:37:20 +0000

Quick Facts About Cars Damaged in Floods

If your car insurance includes comprehensive coverage, you’ll likely be covered. If not, FEMA may cover the loss.
Never drive a flooded electric car. Leave it where it is and call your insurer.
In most states, selling flood-damaged cars is illegal without proper disclosure.
Be wary of buying a car with flood damage. Some vehicles are sold across state lines before being registered as damaged goods.

Catastrophic rain events, hurricanes, and tropical storms, along with the resulting flooding, can damage and destroy vehicles, sometimes beyond repair. Do not attempt to start your if it has been flooded; you could cause more damage. Electric vehicles (EVs) also need special care. Use this resource to guide you through the process and help you start recovering and finding a new or used vehicle.

Remember, replacing your vehicle takes time and patience. Looking for a comparable vehicle could prove difficult in today’s market conditions. Car shoppers, even those searching beyond the affected regions, must be careful to avoid purchasing flood-damaged vehicles from unscrupulous parties. These vehicles could pose safety risks and costly hidden problems, such as electrical issues and rust, that could show up later.

Whatever your circumstances, you’ll find essential resources and information on identifying damage, understanding insurance types, assessing whether repairs are possible, and navigating the car-buying process.

Affected Vehicle Owners: Here’s What to Do

Read on for frequently asked questions about flood vehicles.

Does Car Insurance Cover Flood Damage?

What Is Defensive Driving? – Kelley Blue Book

admin — Sun, 07 Jun 2026 16:36:15 +0000

Defensive driving is driving with the intention of avoiding potential hazards, such as pedestrians, bad weather, and obstacles on the road. While driving is never risk-free, driving defensively can minimize the danger and keep you safe. Defensive drivers stay alert and identify potential hazards before they happen. Rather than simply reacting to hazards, anticipating them prepares you to act safely and calmly.

Benefits of Defensive Driving

Decrease your chance of a collision or incident
Qualify for safe driving discounts on insurance
Save on vehicle maintenance costs
Increase overall safety for yourself and others on the road
Reduce stress levels and gain peace of mind

The Dos of Defensive Driving

Do approach intersections with caution. When you get to an intersection, look in all directions and yield to oncoming traffic. Check for oncoming cars and pedestrians, even when you have the right of way.
Do stay vigilant. Be aware of your surroundings at all times. Pay attention to physical roadblocks and what other drivers are doing. Often, problems arise from what others do rather than your own actions.
Do drive at the speed of traffic. It’s always safest to drive at the speed of traffic and follow the speed limit. Avoid speeding or crawling below the speed limit.
Do slow down in rain, sleet, snow, etc. When the weather is bad, the best thing to do is slow down and focus on the other items on this list.
Do pass others with care. Check your rearview and side mirrors often. Look in your blind spots before you merge or turn. Pay attention and pass other cars with caution. Watch for motorcycles.
Do use your turn signal. Ensure you’re driving safely by using your turn signal to alert others of your next move.

The Don’ts of Defensive Driving

Don’t forget your blind spots. Take no chances, even if you think there are no vehicles or pedestrians nearby. Check your blind spots when turning or merging.
Don’t drink and drive. Avoid drinking alcohol or taking substances that could impair your ability or judgment before driving.
Don’t drive too closely. Keep a safe distance from others. Avoid tailgating and use adaptive cruise control to maintain a minimum 3-second gap between your car and the car ahead.
Don’t drive aggressively. Remain patient with other vehicles and keep your cool on the road. Avoid speeding up to close a gap.
Don’t assume. Even with all of your vehicle’s safety features, you still need to keep your eyes on the road and remain cautious.

Visit Kelley Blue Book’s Safety Hub page to learn more about vehicle safety features.

Editor’s Note: We have updated this article since its initial publication. Renee Valdes contributed to the report.

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What to Do if Your Car Is Flooded: 8 Steps You Must Take

admin — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 04:30:20 +0000

Finding your car submerged or partially underwater after a flood is incredibly stressful. The damage floodwaters can cause to a vehicle’s mechanical systems, electronics, and interior can be extensive. However, prompt and appropriate action can reduce the impact of flood damage to your car. Keep reading for a guide to the steps to take when your car is flooded.

Maintain physical safety. Your health and safety are more important than your automobile. Do not wade into standing water deeper than your knees to reach the car. A swiftly moving, ankle-deep current can sweep you off your feet. Avoid putting yourself at risk, and wait until it is safe to reach the vehicle.
Prevent additional damage. Do not try to start the car until a qualified mechanic has looked at it. If water has entered the cylinders, attempting to start the engine can cause significant damage. Lift the hood and disconnect the 12-volt battery while wearing dry gloves to prevent electrical shorts and further damage to the car’s complex electrical system. Safety Note: The high-voltage systems in hybrid and electric vehicles (EVs) require trained technicians for safe recovery. Owners should not open the hood if any orange cables or battery packs were submerged in floodwater. Submersion in salt water may trigger delayed battery fires.
Assess the damage. Look for watermarks on the car’s exterior and interior to gauge the extent of the flood damage. Inspect the trunk, taillights, and headlights, and check the engine bay when disconnecting the battery. In many cases, waterlines on the dashboard of modern cars signal a strong possibility of a total loss, due to the concentration of sensitive electronic components. Tip: If your car is still surrounded by floodwater, do not open the doors or windows. Let the water recede first, then document the waterline and contact your insurer before beginning cleanup.
Document everything. Get detailed photos or videos of the car and the waterline. Take images from various angles to capture evidence to support your insurance claim. Use timestamped smartphone photos to help ensure documentation requirements are met. Make a comprehensive list of all items affected by floodwaters.
Contact your insurance company. Do not delay contacting your insurance agent. Review your policy to understand your insurance coverage. Some policies exclude flood damage. Keep copies of all communications, records, and documents related to the insurance claim. Arrange for a professional assessment of the flooded car.
Start the recovery process. Use a wet/dry vacuum to remove standing water from the car’s seats and floorboards. If the weather has improved, open the doors and windows to promote air circulation and help the car dry out.
Professional assessment. Follow guidance from your insurance company. In some cases, insurers will total the car after determining that the cost of mechanical and electrical repairs, cleaning, and odor management exceeds the vehicle’s value.
- A professional mechanic must inspect the car before starting the engine. Their recommendations may include replacing the oil and other fluids and testing the electrical system for corrosion and short circuits. To ensure it is safe to drive, the mechanic should also check the functionality of electrical components, including the lights, windows, seats, infotainment system, and advanced safety and driver assist features.
- A professional cleaning service can be invaluable for an in-depth cleanup, helping prevent long-term damage. A thorough cleaning will help ensure all parts are cleaned and dried to prevent mold growth and corrosion, neutralize odors, and address lingering smells.
Take preventive measures. Regular checks and maintenance of your car’s seals and gaskets can help ensure they remain watertight. Consider adding comprehensive insurance coverage if you live in a flood-prone area. If forecasters and local officials anticipate flooding from a hurricane or other weather event, move your vehicles to higher ground, place them on lifts, or park them in a multilevel parking garage. For your safety, always drive with caution in heavy rain. Never drive through standing water, following the clear federal guidance of “Turn around, don’t drown.”

Graphic by Tawana Campbell

Bottom Line on Your Flooded Car

Working through the aftermath of a flooded car and the related questions can be daunting, but with patience, you can manage the situation. Acting quickly will help minimize damage, improve the likelihood of salvaging your vehicle, smooth the insurance claim process, and make shopping for a new car, if necessary.

Editor’s Note: We have updated this article since its initial publication.

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DIY Automotive Air Conditioning Repair and Diagnostics Guide

admin — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 16:26:03 +0000

This guide is designed to help you understand, diagnose, and repair your vehicle’s air conditioning system. Throughout the guide, we cover common myths and pitfalls most owners encounter, explain how AC systems function, and walk you through the repair process step by step. I recently completed this exact repair on my 2016 Ford Mustang GT California Special, and you can follow along with the videos throughout the guide for a more hands-on visual approach.

Before you reach for that miracle-in-a-can at your local auto parts store or spend thousands on a diagnostic or repair, let’s cover some steps you can take to understand what went wrong and potentially fix it yourself, at home. Let’s get started!

Why the Myth of “Just Recharge It” and AC-in-a-Can Kits Make Things Worse

It’s easy to reach for the cheapest or seemingly most intuitive option when dealing with car repairs, and for some, that is an approach has worked for decades. However, air conditioning systems are fairly complex and require proper diagnostics and repair to function correctly.

The first thought might be a system recharge. You’ve probably heard it before. Your air conditioning system has a “small” leak, so if you “top it off” with refrigerant (or as some say, “Freon”, which is actually a discontinued brand name) every now and then, it should work fine.

The problem with this approach is twofold.

First, AC systems are in a closed loop and do not consume refrigerant, so if you have a leak, adding more will only push the problem down the road. Secondly, the refrigerants used in most vehicles cause substantial environmental harm if released freely, which is why it is illegal to intentionally release them into the atmosphere.

According to the California Air Resources Board (CARB), “Just the gas contained in one single 12-ounce container (of R134a) is equivalent to the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning 150 gallons of gasoline!”

How Automotive AC Systems Work

To understand how to repair an AC system, first let’s look at how it works.

Automotive air conditioning systems can be broken down into a common list of parts that work in unison to remove heat from the cabin and deliver cool air through the vents. A common misconception is that AC systems generate cold air; however, their primary function is to absorb and remove heat from the cabin. This is done with refrigerant.

Once heat is absorbed into the refrigerant in your cabin, it gets pulled through and compressed into a high-pressure gas by the compressor. This high-pressure gas is then pushed through the condenser, which, as the name implies, creates ideal conditions for the gas to condense into a liquid. This scientific process also releases heat during the condensation state change via fans or airflow from the front of the vehicle.

After your refrigerant returns to a liquid state, it passes through a dryer that removes residual air and moisture.

It then passes through the expansion valve, which restricts flow. The pressure drop created by this process sets the refrigerant up for another state change in the evaporator. As the low-pressure liquid refrigerant moves through the evaporator, it absorbs heat and evaporates back into a gas, leaving behind condensation that usually drains under the vehicle.

An air conditioning system operates in a closed loop, so all the refrigerant is reused throughout the process. It should never need to be “topped off” as long as the system remains leak-free. This refrigerant’s thermodynamic properties are key to the “how” behind an AC system’s function. Pretty neat, huh?

As you’re repairing the AC system on your vehicle, you will need a few common hand tools to complete the job properly.

A set of wrenches and/or sockets
Screwdrivers and pliers
Safety glasses and gloves
Floor jack and jack stands
Shop rags or paper towels

You will need a few more specialized tools while working on an AC system. These tools can all be purchased or rented from a local auto parts store.

Set of manifold gauges
Vacuum pump
Refrigerant recovery machine, unless taken to a mechanic separately
Leak detector and UV dye
A can tap to connect the refrigerant can to your vacuum line
Specialty removal tools, such as line disconnect or Schrader valve replacement tools

Check out the video below to see the tools I used for my repair.

Diagnosis, Repair Plan, and Disassembly

If your AC system suddenly stops working, it’s important to know what steps you should take to diagnose what’s wrong. Keep in mind that AC systems operate with highly compressed refrigerant, so safety is important. If you feel overwhelmed or unsafe, take your vehicle to a trustworthy mechanic.

To identify the issue with a system, first look at the symptoms. Intermittent cooling? Weak airflow? Strange sounds? No cold air at all? All of these problems can help you identify what’s wrong with your system and remove some of the guesswork about where to look. Let’s cover some common symptoms and their causes.

Weak airflow or cooling

An easy place to start is the cabin air filter. Sometimes filters can become clogged or blocked, affecting airflow from your vents. It’s also recommended to check fuses or relays connected to the blower motor. An electrical issue can cause weak or intermittent airflow.

Audible grinding, whining, clicking, or other unusual sounds

It’s quite common for components like the compressor, belts, or pulleys to fail after many thousands of miles on the road. When these parts fail, they sometimes emit unusual sounds that can help you identify the problem with the system. Try turning your AC compressor off and on while listening for anything out of the ordinary. Make sure your compressor turns on and that the clutch engages when you press the AC button.

Low or empty refrigerant in the system

Another very common issue is a refrigerant leak. As parts age and are used, flexible components like rubber gaskets tend to fail, leading to leaks. If your system loses refrigerant due to a leak, it limits its ability to cool and can also introduce air and moisture into the system, further degrading performance. You can introduce UV dye through the low-side port to help locate the leak.

If your problem is not easily diagnosable, it is advisable to bring your vehicle to an expert who can help locate the source of the issue. Even if you intend to repair the vehicle yourself, a mechanic can help remove any remaining refrigerant from the system and advise you on which parts need repair. Sometimes another pair of eyes can help us see something we never noticed before! Once you’ve verified the source of the problem and properly evacuated the system of refrigerant, you can begin disassembling the system as needed to repair or replace the problematic components.

Pro Tip: If you disassemble your air conditioning system because of a broken part like a compressor, be sure to use a flush or solvent to clean out the remainder of the system before rebuilding. If metal shards remain in the system after repair, they can damage the new components.

Reassembly, Vacuum, and Recharge

Once you are ready to refill your system and feel that cold air again, there are a few considerations before, during, and after the reassembly process.

Before refilling with refrigerant

You’ve taken apart your car, replaced the broken parts, and have the appropriate type and amount of refrigerant in hand. Before adding it to your system, locate the owner’s manual to determine how much refrigerant the system requires, as well as the type and quantity of oil to add. This number may depend on what parts you replaced, as each component holds some oil within the system. Ensure any replaced gaskets have been coated in the correct oil as well. Check fittings and ensure proper torque specs across all connections. Make sure electrical plugs and connections are all reconnected.

You will need to use a vacuum pump to evacuate any air or moisture from the system before adding new refrigerant. These can be purchased or rented at many local auto parts stores or online. When your system is under vacuum, the reduced pressure lowers the boiling point of water, allowing the pump to remove moisture.

As you are adding refrigerant

Be sure to replace any oil you removed during disassembly and add any required additional oil to the system. Using a manifold gauge, monitor system pressures to ensure proper operation. You can watch the compressor clutch to see whether it kicks on once the system has the minimum refrigerant capacity added. Once you have added the entire required amount of refrigerant to the system, check the temperature of the air coming from the vehicle’s vents to confirm the process was successful.

After adding refrigerant

Periodically check for leaks with a UV flashlight along common problem areas or connections throughout the system. Keep your condenser clean and ensure belts and filters are replaced according to the regular maintenance schedule.

If You Made it This Far, Your Air Should Be Ice Cold!

If you’ve followed this guide correctly, you’ll be enjoying cool air on the warmest days once again. Don’t forget to keep safety at the top of your list whenever working on your vehicle yourself, and reach out to a professional if repairs are beyond your skill set.

Visit our Maintenance and Repair Hub for expert-backed articles to help you make smart maintenance decisions with confidence.

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The Best Ways to Protect Your Car During a Flood

admin — Mon, 01 Jun 2026 16:12:41 +0000

Hurricane season impacts millions of Americans every year, bringing flooding and damaging weather, but high water is increasingly becoming a problem for people well beyond hurricane-prone regions. Flood damage is a big concern for vehicle owners, as it can lead to a total loss scenario or extreme repair costs. The good news is that there are steps you can take to protect your vehicle from rising floodwaters. While no solution offers complete protection, it’s often better to make an effort than to hope for the best. Here are some of the best ways to keep your car out of harm’s way.

Car Lifts

Many enthusiasts would love to have a hydraulic lift in their garage, but you don’t have to go all-out to get a product that could potentially save your car during a flood. While they aren’t as stable as an actual lift, you can buy jack stands that are safe, properly rated, and reliable for a few hundred dollars to hold your car at an elevated position. Spending a little more can get you a basic lift setup, and more expensive hydraulic lifts can provide several feet of protection.

How Much Do Car Lifts Cost?

Costs vary widely across the three lift types and even within each type, depending on the brand and features. Generally, scissor lifts are the most affordable complete systems, followed by 2-post and then 4-post lifts. Pricing ranges from roughly $1,500 to $10,000 or more. Many lifts require additional installation costs. Jack stands are the least expensive alternative.

Home Flood Protection Barriers

These products offer varying degrees of protection and span a wide price range, but some people have found that home flood protection barriers can help prevent or slow flood damage. That said, some of the products available today come with exorbitant price tags, and many require complicated, multi-person installations. There is also a limit to the protection, as deep or fast-flowing water can overwhelm even the most advanced flood barrier system.

Parking Garages

One of the easiest ways to protect your car from flood damage is to park on an upper floor of a covered parking garage. A garage’s solid construction and elevated position can give your car strong protection from the elements. Still, parking garages aren’t always available, and you might be competing for a spot with everyone else in your area. Additionally, there may be expensive parking fees, but they are generally much lower than the headache and costs of replacing or repairing a flood-damaged vehicle.

Leave the Flood Danger Zone

When all else fails (or you don’t want to spend the money on other measures), moving your car outside of the projected flooding area is the best way to keep it out of harm’s way. Taking your car to another location ensures it stays dry, and you won’t be left worrying or relying on an unfamiliar product to protect it. Retreating to higher ground when you’re looking at a potentially dangerous forecast doesn’t protect your home or other possessions, but it can help put you and your loved ones in a much safer situation.

Always follow evacuation orders issued by local authorities.

Do Flood Protections for Cars Work?

Your mileage may vary. The companies behind these products sometimes make incredible claims, but every flood event is a different beast. You may have great results, but you may also find that the difficulty, costs, and time involved with installing and using a flood-protection system are overwhelming.

Can a Flood-Damaged Car Be Repaired?

How much money are you willing to spend, and are you able to handle potential slow-to-surface issues down the road? Flood-damaged cars can be repaired, and many are, but there can be crippling latent problems with electrical systems, corrosion, and more. The question becomes a little more complicated with rare and expensive vehicles, but the potential problems remain. Finally, it’s worth noting that saltwater can be a death sentence for any vehicle. It’s extremely corrosive and can create problems that even the most experienced mechanic can’t fix.

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